Analyzing an Advertisement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Analyzing an Advertisement - Essay ExampleAt the top of the advertisement is a phrase written in huge letters stating The Luxury Soap of the World. This statement appeals to the emotion and logic of the readers. By saying that, it will hopefully persuade the people to grease unmatchables palms the product since it is world-class.In one corner of the advertisement is a short dissever, In Mayfair. This paragraph seems irrelevant in the whole advertisement. One thinks that it does not increase impact on the message that it wants to relay to the readers. The advertisement could have stood without it. The designers of the advertisement probably thought that this will add credence to their claim that the soap is the one used by the aristocrats.In the last part of the advertisement, the benefits of using the soap is presented. It uses bold capital letters to emphasize the advantages of using Yardley soap. Below the last paragraph the price of the product is written and it states where i t can be bought. Further below, the various products of Yardley are

Psychology (various techniques for developing memory) Essay

Psychology (various proficiencys for developing memory) - Essay ExampleI studied the poem I had developed for 2 minutes. One arcminute later, I attempted to recall both the acrostic poem and the concepts to which it was related.3) I sung the poem, The Ballad of Rudolph Reed, by Gwendolyn Brooks out-loud to the tune of the nursery rhyme, Humpty-Dumpty. I undecomposed singing the poem three times and then one arcminute later I attempted to recite the poem from memory.4) My final experiment consisted of attempting to opine a list of 10 items by using the techniques of the Loci method. The list I attempted to remember was as follows Tomatoes, Trumpet, Scissors, Wallet, Motorcycle, Sofa, Elephant, Newspaper, Subway train, and Faucet. I walked a route acquainted(predicate) to me within the vicinity of my home in accordance with the technique. I assigned one of these items to each of ten locations within the designated route and practiced associating the items and the image of the loca tion. An hour later I retraced my steps, attempting to remember the list by association with the locations on the route that I had selected.The four experiments produced various different results. Personally, I found that the technique for developing an acronym or using an acrostic to remember concepts and lists were particularly useful. These two experiments produced by far the best results.

Analysis of the economic arguments of an independent central bank Essay

Analysis of the economic arguments of an independent central bank - Essay ExampleThe Latin American lumps atomic number 18 fable material with inflation rates sky rocketing often to 200% or more. In some extreme cases what was affordable at twilight became unaffordable by daylight. With complex and fine lending and borrowing of money as investible funds, interest rates have turned indicators that are pliable in the hands policy makers or dictators as the case may be.Government, myopic with political avarice, and desirous of sweeping hustings have dictated lower interest rates, keeping economic realities on window sills. This tended to raise up spending and then employment though only in the short term, but finally and in the medium to recollective term it caused severe inflationary pressures. Inflations were crippling when such(prenominal) spending was directed less towards real sector and more towards wasteful expenditure resulting in the somatogenetic output not meeting the he ightened stock of money in circulation. It is at once natural for a political system to dictate manipulation of financial policy and maintain only a short run vision of popularity in or around the election period even risking higher inflation just because this option always was available to detractors or competitors for votes. The Keynesian prescriptions did not build a specific treatment of inflationary situations despite the fact that such situations had arisen. It was preoccupied with determination of the output levels and relied only on a simplistic analysis of inflation via media the demand and supply theory of money. Enunciation of the Phillips curve added a logical sequence to analysis of inflation. The Phillips curve, in its native form, posited a long-run trade-off between inflation and unemployment. However this causality has been reexamined and redefined theoretically and... This paper presents a thorough theoretical analysis of the varying role of central banks in an e conomy, in an attempt to find the optimal level of central banks independence from state. Central banks the world over have quiet but strong presences. With low public visibility they perform the most vital of functions with that of creating and position into circulation legal tender money. As is known legal tender money serves as a means of payment, a unit of account and a origin of value. The most preferred favoring an independent central bank is that the power to expend money should be separated or delinked substantially from the power to create money. In case these two capabilities converge we have spendthrift governments indulging in fiscal profligacy while the Central Bank simply acts as a 24/7 mint or currency printing house.While political masters may be tempted to manipulate monetary policy to causal agency their short term political objectives the Central banking professionals, having no such ulterior targets, nurture and design monetary policy generally on a long horiz on. Protecting monetary policy decisions from State dictates can better assist the cause of lower inflation while a decent economic gain rate can be targeted concurrently. Short run considerations of political nature force the economy in bouts of uncontrolled accelerations which often turn uncontrollable and unsustainable. In nearly every major financial crisis political interference in financial sector regulation helped make a bad situation worse.

Internet Censorship Essay Example for Free

Internet security review EssayIntroduction Censorship had always been a subject of debate among those who want media to be censored and those who feel that censorship is a violation of the let go ofdom of speech. The net profit has non escaped the issue of censorship. The internet is an in realizeation highway and no other form of media is as pervasive and far reaching. Those who favor censoring the internet feels that there should be some form of protection for minors and all people from viewing offensive materials on the internet while those who are against it believes that people should be given the right to hire what to view or not as express in the first amendment. This paper discusses the arguments for the need to censor the internet and why it should not be censored. place setting With the observed prevalence of inauspicious langu advance and obscene pictures in the internet, groups and organizations nominate called on for the censorship of the internet. The gover nments response to this call was the communication theory Decency fleck of 1996 which was passed into jurisprudence by the United States coitus the act would regulate the forms of speech in the internet (Wallace Mangan, 1996).The law was seen by pro-censorship groups as a way of minimizing wicked content in the internet which might have contributed to the moral degeneration of our society (Qazi, 1996). A year after, the Supreme Court ruled that the CDA was unconstitutional and in turn protected the first amendment (EPIC, 2002). The victory of the free speech proponents over the CDA was short lived, in 1998 the Child Online guard Act was signed into law by chairman Clinton which in essence excessivelyk after the CDA.The COPA mandated criminal penalties for commercially distributing materials harmful to minors including indecent speech (EPIC, 2004). The enactment of COPA again resulted to heated debates and protests over the unconstitutionality of the law, and the free speech protesters were not disappointed. In 2004, after a series of Supreme Court ruling against the COPA, it maintained the injunction on the enforcement of the law. Communications Decency Act of 1996 The President signed the Communications Decency Act into law in January 1996 the act criminalizes indecent speech on the internet.The act identifies that speech depicting internal organs and acts, excretory organs and acts in a simply offensive fashion under contemporary fellowship standards as indecent speech (Wallace Mangan, 1996). The dubious and vague rendering of indecorum and the standards by which a word (pure text) is judged to be obscene have made the act questionable. In fact, the CDA was met with violent reactions because it proved to be too repressing and did not account for situations wherein sexually explicit words have to be used but has scientific, literary, artistic or political values.The act also stated that indecency will be judged based on it being patently offen sive, which in practice allows a jury to judge the material as indecent based on how they feel about it, regardless of its scientific, literary or artistic value. Moreover, it also permitted the community to determine the standards by which indecency can be measured. This is unrealistic, for every community or state has its own cultural standards and asking people to use words or materials that are acceptable to each community means restricting speech to the most conservative standards.On the other hand, the Morality in Media, the subject area Law Center for Children and Families, the National Coalition for the Protection of Children and Families and the Family Research Council, who are pro-CDA argue that the CDA does not infringe upon the first amendment. The act accordingly updates and amends federal official obscenity statutes and dial-a-porn laws and that it requires adults who use patently offensive sexual expression to place blinders on their pornography.Further, they point o ut that what is indecent is well known to the general public and the mass media and that the court should re-interpret the law to be employ only to prurient pornography (McCullagh, 1996). The Supreme Court easily ruled that the CDA was unconstitutional due to the fact that the act tries to restrict content and this is in channel violation of the first amendment. Child Online Protection Act of 1998 The Child Online Protection Act is another effort to censor the content of the internet.It is different from the CDA in that it specifies that children should be protected from harmful language and materials made available in the internet. Thus violators will be subjected to steep fines and prison terms. As with the case with the CDA the COPA also is judged to be too restrictive. It mandates that all material or written text in the internet be acceptable to children, thus it would mean that the content of the internet is restrict to children only.In this respect the act states that iden tifying data should be provided by adults like credit cards to determine their age, but is also discriminatory to those adults who do not have credit cards. Thus the act again is a threat to the liberty of speech that is a fundamental and basic right to each man being. The Supreme Court also finds the act unconstitutional and even after a series of appeals and injunctions it has maintained that the act cannot be enforced into law. Meanwhile, those who endorse the COPA supply that the act is dissimilar from the CDA because it applies to commercial pornographic sites.In an attempt to refute the arguments of those against the COPA, the pro groups reiterate that it is economically and technically feasible for the identified sites to check for the age of the surfers and that defining what is harmful to minors is not vague and complicated and can easily be implemented by the states (Macavinta, 1999). They feel that the COPA is needed at this m and age because of the necessity of prote cting our children from being corrupted by harmful materials in the internet that may be a cause for abuse and developing (Macavinta, 1998).Conclusions Efforts to censor the internet have failed because as an interactive medium it is a vehicle for the expression of mans freedom of speech. Any attempt by the government to restrict it is a violation of the fundamental human rights of each individual in this democratic country. But the justification for the need of a law to protect children from pornography and violent materials in any form is undeniably valid and should be also be respected.The Supreme Court has also back up the free speech groups in their fight against censorship and is undeniably a champion of the first amendment, but it does not mean that the SC do not give due importance to childrens welfare and safety but striking a balance between the freedom of speech and censorship is a difficult interlocking to win.Bibliography Communications Decency Act (February 2, 2002) . Electronic Privacy Information Center, Retrieved April 20, 2006 from http//www. epic. org/free_speech/cda/ Internet Censorship (February 1, 2002). Electronic Privacy Information Center, RetrievedApril 20, 2006 from http//www. epic. org/free_speech/censorship/ Macavinta, C. (1998). grounds filed against CDA II, CNET News. com, Retrieved April 21, 2006 from http//news. com. com/ case+filed+against+CDA+II/2100-1023_3-217005. hypertext markup language? tag=st. rn Macavinta, C. (1999).DOJ to wrap up pro-COPA testimony, CNET News. com, Retrieved April 21, 2006 from http//news. com. com/DOJ+to+wrap+up+pro-COPA+testimony/2100-1023_3-220574. html McCullagh, D. (1996). The CDA challenge The battle of the briefs. Retrieved April 21, 2006 from http//www. xent. com/spring96/0582. html Qazi, U. (1996).The internet censorship controversy, Retrieved April 21, 2006 from http//courses. cs. vt. edu/cs3604/lib/Censorship/notes. html6 The Legal Challenge to the Child Online Protection Act (June 29, 2 004). Electronic Privacy Information Center, Retrieved April 20, 2006 from http//www. epic. org/free_speech/copa/ Wallace, J. Mangan, M. (1996). The Internet Censorship FAQ, Retrieved April 20, 2006 from http//www. spectacle. org/freespch/faq. htm Notes Actual Materials Cited Wallace, J. Mangan, M. (1996).The Internet Censorship FAQ, Retrieved April 20, 2006 from http//www.spectacle. org/freespch/faq. htm What threats of censorship exist for the Internet? The principal threat of Internet censorship today is the Communications Decency Act, a law passed by Congress and signed by the President in January, 1996 which would apply quite radical regulations to speech on the Internet. What is the Communications Decency Act (CDA)? The CDA criminalizes indecent speech on the Internet. One section of the CDA defines indecency as speech depicting or describing sexual or excretory acts or organs in a patently offensive fashion under contemporary community standards.Each of these clausesindece nt, depicting or describing, patently offensive, and contemporary community standardshides a landmine threatening the future of freedom of speech in this country. Communications Decency Act (February 2, 2002). Electronic Privacy Information Center, Retrieved April 20, 2006 from http//www. epic. org/free_speech/cda/ In a landmark decision issued on June 26,1997, the Supreme Court held that the Communications Decency Act violated the First Amendments guarantee of freedom of speech. The Legal Challenge to the Child Online Protection Act (June 29, 2004).Electronic Privacy Information Center, Retrieved April 20, 2006 from http//www. epic. org/free_speech/copa/ In October 1998, Congress passed and President Clinton signed into law the Child Online Protection Act (COPA), the sequel to CDA. COPA establishes criminal penalties for any commercial distribution of material harmful to minors. McCullagh, D. (1996). The CDA challenge The battle of the briefs. Retrieved April 21, 2006 from http/ /www. xent. com/spring96/0582. html.The arguments advanced in the brief a joint venture of Morality in Media, the National Law Center for Children and Families, the Family Research Council, Enough is Enough , and the National Coalition for the Protection of Children and Families center around one concept indecency means pornography. That idea stinks like, well, a rotten egg.Their argument, which mirrors the DoJs, goes as follows 1. The CDA merely updates and amends Federal obscenity statutes and dial-a-porn laws. 2. All the CDA does is require adults who use patently offensive sexual expression to put electronic blinder racks in front of their pornography. 3. The test for indecency is not vague or overbroad and does not apply to serious works of literature, art, science, and politics. 4. What is indecent is well known to the public and the operators of mass communications media facilities. (If indecency is too vague, the CDA is unconstitutional. ) 5. The court has an obligation to interpret these sections narrowly. That is, the three-judge panel should *reinterpret* the CDA to affect only prurient pornography. Taylor calls this judicial narrowing, and when I spoke with him he insisted that it was what the court will do. Macavinta, C. (1998). Suit filed against CDA II, CNET News. com, Retrieved April 21, 2006 from http//news. com. com/Suit+filed+against+CDA+II/2100-1023_3-217005. html? tag=st. rn The law simply extends into cyberspace laws that protect children from pornography off the Net, Shyla Welch, director of communication for Enough is Enough, which lobbied for the legislation, verbalize today. Macavinta, C. (1999).DOJ to wrap up pro-COPA testimony, CNET News. com, Retrieved April 21, 2006 from http//news.com. com/DOJ+to+wrap+up+pro-COPA+testimony/2100-1023_3-220574. html Proponents of COPA say it is different from the CDA in that it only applies to sites selling pornography. Witnesses will register today that it is economically and technically feasible for these sites to check surfers IDs through credit cards, adult PINs, or digital signatures. Justice Department witnesses will testify that weathervane sites will not be harmed financially by the lawand that defining harmful to minors is not as complicated as the ACLU makes it out to be.After all, 48 states have harmful to minors laws on the books, they will argue. Qazi, U. (1996). The internet censorship controversy, Retrieved April 21, 2006 from http//courses. cs. vt. edu/cs3604/lib/Censorship/notes. html6 Both public and private interest groups have shown great concern for the content of material available via the Internet. They are driven by deeply rooted religious and ethical beliefs. They feel that the Internet is a medium that is being abused to allow extremists, unethical, and immoral individuals to corrupt society.

Organization transformation Essay Example for Free

Organization innovation EssayThe read for a change is closely there on a daily basis in batchs. This is accentuated by particularly by the advent of refreshed technology like the internet and new management methods and new technologies (Wallace, 2007). This brings in new ways of doing supposes in spite of appearance the bon ton and thus the workers are affected. Companies which initially used to have the tralatitious organization poseur have increasingly adopted they are better and more efficient and ripe transformed organizational climatels.An organization provides a mean of utilizing individual capabilities within a team to accomplish what cannot be achieved by the aggregate attempts of team members on the job(p) in isolation. The aims of forming corporations and organizations are to deliver goods or services to consumers in a way that at the conclusion of the deal profits and not losses can be realized.Organizational change is geared at achieving this and thus p leasant the hearts and minds of the target population while concurrently bringing about a changed manner and work culture to the partakers. In response to this Organizational transformation, roles, skills, job descriptions and structure of the work force need to be re-designed. The southeastwest vaunt Corporation Such a company that has embraced organizational change from the traditional one to the modern organization transformation is the southern gas corporation of Nevada.Having realized that all organizations and corporations are unique due to unique environment in which they operate and their mode and ways of operations they should be structured to accommodate unique problems and opportunities Southwest Gas Corporation is a company engaged in the business of purchasing, distributing and transporting inwrought gas to residential, commercial and industrial customers in Nevada state of the southwestern United States. The Gas Corporation has employed about 2,500 workers who serv e at least 1. 8million customers in Arizona, Nevada and parts of California states.The company is an investor owned utility whose shares are traded in the New York Stock Exchange and the pacific stock exchange (South West Gas Corporation, 2007). The company has been implementing a vanadium year organizational transformation with an aim of offering better services to the customers and improving the quality of he workers. With respect to transformation certain areas should be prioritized for instance in redefining the business model, integrating acquisitions, building infrastructure, reframing markets and managing talents.The southern gas corporation has taken comprehensive plan to change from the traditional to the transformed organizational model studies done on this company indicated that a positive correlation between the working conditions and the productivity of the workers exists . the results of the studies revealed that innate forces of human behavior may have a greater infl uence on organizations than do mechanistic incentive systems.In response to that study southern gas corporation have done an almost complete overhaul in areas to do with transport, billing, the accounting system, meter reading systems and the whole organization structure of the company since 2002. make Having undergone the organizational change to a more better and modern one saw a number of transformations in the work force. Every member of the workforce was subjected to month long refreshment training as a way of crating a new working atmosphere and as a way of orientating them to the new working tools. The remuneration package was revised to increase the morale of the workers.On the part of the infrastructure the offices and other working areas were renovated. The total reorganization of the offices this was to provide for the psychological aspect of the workers The Organizations adopted a vertical division of labor practice involving the administrators then below them the mana gers and supervisors and lastly at the base we have the workers. The of import function of top level administrators or executives generally is to plan long-term strategy and administer the middle managers whose work is to guide the day to day activities of the corporations and make out implementation of the top level strategy.Low-level supervisors and laborers put the made strategy into action and carry out the immediate tasks needed to keep the corporation running. Thus, the South west gas corporation has become a established with reference to the extent of formalization of rules that have been adopted within the organization structure. In formal organizations, a mild impersonal relationship between the workers and the company is viewed as the best environment suitable for achievements of organizations objectives by the managerial staff.hither subordinates duties more clearly defined and workforce with different applicable skills are dispensed duties to their areas of specializa tion in the corporation. It is the duties of workers at the bottom level to perform the necessity duties of the corporation with supervisory assistance from the managers. Subordinate staff deals generally with supply and production chain of the corporation . The managerial needs of the whole business military operation is overseen by the higher cadre staff that includes the supervisors and the administrators.Two important implications into the change in the organization procedure there was equity due to just true(p) and impartial treatment of all workers, the organization was more orderly since employees were arranged where they would be of most value to the corporation. Initiative was fostered by encouraging the employees to act on their own. Similarly the employees cultivated more attributes and etiquettes (South West Gas Corporation, 2007). Motivation should come from different incentives rather than letting monetary rewards be the sole motivators.The spirit of comradeliness among the workers fostered devotion to a common cause. The behavioral change by the managers that allowed greater latitudes stimulated the workers. In general, transformation made workers to become more productive. Having been provided with the best working conditions the workers employees have become capable of effective self-direction yielding self-actualization and this was among the biggest rewards that organizations has provided to its employees. Similar the shares of the southern gas company at the New York stock exchange gained value. utilization of improved service delivery systems for instance the better gas safety management systems reduced the number of gas accident cases recorded prior to the five year period. Due to a liberalized approach towards the workers in the by the management they were able to create their restriction organization to looks for their own interests, thus enhancing growth of the labour union organizations. This amounted to increase in vocal power o f the workers to demand their rights. Conclusion In the world today organizations are operating in an increasingly hard platform.Changing multiple dimensions and high rates globalization trends and the implications of the post-industrial information age are driving these corporations to revolutinalize themselves (Wallace, 2007). The end product of this transformation is a successful company with competent work force. However, organizational transformation should not stop with the end of the project duration. During the benefit realizations stage of the lifecycle, emphasis should be continued on the need to encourage the workers and the community to adapt to the new ways of working and get the most from the system change.

The New American Desk Encyclopedia Essay Example for Free

The New American Desk Encyclopedia EssayBoth horse parsley Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson have large, enduring legacies in American history. While Hamilton is largely responsible for the United States becoming an economic giant with an economy based on finance, manufacturing, and trade, I admire Thomas Jefferson more, particularly for his colossal, bulky intellect and his challenging views on human liberty. Modern America admittedly fits Hamiltons vision much more than Jeffersons.After serving as upper-case letters aide-de-camp, Hamilton organized the infant United States economy and foresaw a capitalist America not unlike Britains, which dominated world trade and had a ontogenesis number of factories, abundant capital, and vast commercial enterprises. (Jeffersons rural nation of yeoman farmers was a noble vision but not realistic in the modern world then taking shape. ) Hamilton was also a strong advocate of federalism, which gave the centralized national g everyplacenment f ar more authority than the whizz conceived in the Articles of Confederation.However, he was no friend of broad democracy, known in his time as an unscrupulous elitist and ambitious social climber who adhered to what today calculate like outdated notions of natural aristocracy maintained by enlightened self-interest (New American Desk Encyclopedia 548-549). He openly mistrusting the American public (which he considered a great beast and little more than an unruly mob) and opposed the Bill of Rights, the basis for American civil liberties (which Jeffersons protege Madison wrote).For believers in broad democracy and individual liberty, though, Jefferson is by far the more admirable figure. The First Amendment is perhaps his greatest legacy, stemming from his statutes on religious freedom in Virginia and firm imprint in church-state separation. He was also a believer in freedom of the press, claiming to prefer a nation where there was a free press and no government, rather than vice versa (Countryman 69-71).The firmness of purpose of Independence is almost entirely his creation as well, a vivid, articulate piece of writing that has influenced democratic thought worldwide. It helped stir the French revolution less than a generation later, and even the United States past enemies have invoked it, including Ho Chi Minh, who based Vietnams 1945 independence contract on Jeffersons document. He was also a superior intellect, known as one of the colonies best minds while still a young man.Jefferson was a gifted writer, skilled diplomat, believer in liberty (his ideas on the subject were progressive for their time), architect, inventor, creator of the University of Virginia (revolutionary in its time for offering a wholly lay higher education), and amateur scientist who commissioned Lewis and Clark to explore the newly acquired American West. He was also a contradictory figure, as an educated, affluent slaveholder who wanted a rural nation of free yeoman farmers enjo ying widespread democracy. He was also accused of siring at least one child by his slave, Sally Hemings.(In his defense, the Declaration of Independences first draft contained a strong condemnation of slavery, which other Southern delegates made him remove, and he was himself ambivalent about the practice. ) While Alexander Hamilton helped make the United States prosperous and economically powerful, Jefferson played an even greater role in helping make it a democracy (albeit a bound one compared to democracy today), setting an example of a civil society based on the rule of law and individual liberties that other nations would follow over the next two centuries.His lasting legacy helped shape the meaning of liberty and democracy, which became a worldwide phenomenon during the late twentieth century, helped change the worlds politics, and helped desex modernity itself.REFERENCESAnonymous. The New American Desk Encyclopedia. Third edition. New York Signet, 1993. Countryman, Edward. The American Revolution. New York Hill and Wang, 1985. Davis, Kenneth C. Dont Know Much about History. New York Avon, 1990.

Situational Leadership Theory

Situational Leadership TheorySituational leading guess, in simple terms dialog near different attractorship styles and how a draw substructure choose an appropriate style with respect to police squad up that he/she is leading and situation in which they be in, to complete the given job. An organization fasces different situations in different times depending on many factors, internal and external which are hard to control. Situational leadership theory helps an organization to face this kind of circumstances.Hersey and Blanchard (1969-1977), first introduced a theory named life cycle theory of leadership which was then relegateed and renamed to situational leadership theory.Hersey and Blanchard talks about.. intravenous feeding leadership styles and how a leader arse choose different style depending on the maturity level of the group members. Maturity of the squad members can be defined as the individuals knowledge required to complete the given task, load and willin gness to complete the given task. Different styles define, where the leaders revolve around should be i.e. on team members or on the task.Vroom and Normative talk about How can a leader increasing the team members commitment, effectiveness and efficiency through, allowing team members to come in in end making. Decision making is a process of deciding what the goals are and how the team is issue to achieve them? And how far a leader can allow team members to participate in the decision making? depending on various situations.House and Mitchell (1974) talked about Various styles a leader can chose to beg off the vision to the team members and to avow them when they get blocked or having difficulty in completing the task, depending on the situation. (The Path-Goal Theory of Leadership, 1974)ExplanationAccording to Hersey and Blanchard The team members of a team can be divided in to four groups depending on their commitment, required knowledge for the job, and willingness to work, which is also known as maturity level of the team. And a leader should choose an appropriate leadership style depending on the maturity level of the team.If the team members doesnt have required knowledge for the job, and they are not committed and willing to work. Leader should keep more focus on completing the given task compared to focus on the team members demand.If the team members are fair committed to and have knowledge about the work, besides not willing to work. Leader should keep more focus on completing the given task as well as team members needs.If the team has the required job knowledge but are not willing and committed to work. Leader should focus more on teams needs compared to completing the given task.If the team has the required job knowledge, and are willing and committed to work. Leader can keep slight focus on teams needs as well as completing the given task.According to Vroom and Normative When the team members are allowed to participate in the process o f developing goals and paths to achieve goals, then they show more commitment and willingness to work. Depending on the situation a leader can choose toTake selective information or advice from team members, and then choose few that he/she likes. Share the ideas with team members, discuss with individuals then choose few that he/she likes. Share the ideas with team members, discuss with the group and listen to the new ideas and choose few to follow. Share the ideas with the team and then follows gibe to the majority of the teams decision.This simulation only focuses on decision making strategies in the organisation and how they can affect the performance of the team members.According to House and Mitchell (1974) Leaders chooses goals that organization is going to reach and how they are going to reach the goals alone. However, leaders can explain clearly or not clearly the way that team should follow and he/she can also support team to face the difficulties on the way to reach the goals. Leader can also provide rewards to the team members who are performing well to increase the commitment and willingness of the team. Depending on the situation they can choose different styles likeSupportive Leadership Here leaders focus is more on the team members needs and creating a supportive environment for the team in times of high work pressure. Directive Leadership Here leader focuses on both the team members needs and completing the given task, gives them information which is needed and supports them when necessary. Participative Leadership Works with the team, allows them to develop new ideas and considers them when he/she is taking decisions. Achievement-Oriented Leadership Here leaders develop themselves and the team. They take challenging tasks and decisions to achieve goals which are tough to achieve.Critical view on Situational Leadership TheoryClaude L Graeff said Theoretical issues to a lower placemining the robustness of the situational leadership theory an d the utility of its prescriptive model and discusses. More specifically, conceptual ambiguity associated with the mechanics of applying the concept of job-relevant maturity and other problems with the normative model are seen as seriously limiting its pragmatic utility. (Academy of management. The academy of management review 1986. ABI/INFORM Global)The situational leadership theory even though many pioneer, has many disadvantages. Every model has its own advantages and disadvantages likeJob maturity talks about the required knowledge to do the job, where as maturity considers many other factors like hold up in the job, general knowledge and problem solving abilities, etc. Self-esteem and confidence play a vital role in an individuals performance which comes under psychological maturity, which was never mentioned in the theories. Participation in decision making can increase pressure on the team and also can subscribe misunderstandings between the team members. The relationship b etween decision making and increase in commitment and willingness of the team members is not always directly proportional sometimes it may result in serious problems. If leader is focusing less on the task and the path that team is following to reach the task, the team may lose the way and not achieve the goals in time.Relevance with Contemporary OrganizationsAlbert Humphrey (1960-1970), created a tool which helps an organization to understand its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. With the help of this tool an organization can develop strategies to overcome weaknesses and threats, and to improve strengths and opportunities.Organizations are facing more and more competition as globalization and international markets are growing. Most of the organizations are depending on the same resources, so it is important for a leader to use the resources properly to achieve the given task. And to achieve this, a leader should use appropriate styles according to ever changing sit uations. To analyse external factors which affect the organization, another model PESTEL analysis can be used which talks about factors like Politics, Economics, Social, Technological, Environmental, legal factors, which an organization cannot control, and any change in these factors can change the situation an organization is working in. So, it is important that leaders should change their styles and behaviours according to the situations and help the team to complete the given task.Example Earthquake and Tsunami in Japan recently triggered nuclear meltdown in the nation, which not only affected the nations economy but also worlds economy. Organizations which are based in Japan even though doesnt got any direct impact from the natural disaster have lost their stocks. In situations that cannot be controlled by the organization it is necessary for the leaders to help the team and the organization by playing different roles according to the situation.ConclusionThis theory talks about following different approaches according to or appropriate to the situations, the developers also helped to form or build different strategies to follow in different cases. So it is a process of influencing the maturity of the follower or team to achieve the given goal in a given situation. Here a leader must be focus on both team and the task, more or less.ReferenceP. Hersey, K. H Blanchard and William Morrow (1999). Leadership and the One Minute Manager.P. Hersey, K. H Blanchard and D. E Johnson (2007). Management of Organizational Behaviour Leading human being Resources. Prentice Hall.V. H Vroom and P. W Yetton (1973). Leadership and decision-making. University of Pittsburg Press.R. J House (1971). A path-goal theory of leader effectiveness. Administrative Science Quarterly.R. J House and T. R Mitchell (1974). Path-Goal Theory of Leadership. Contemporary Business.M. G Evans (1970). The effect of supervisory behaviour on the path-goal relationship. Organizational Behaviour and H uman Performance.